Figure 1: Blood smear from an adult dairy cow with anemia

Numerous pleomorphic (pyriform to spindled-shaped) organisms are seen on the edges and in the center of red blood cells (arrows). The organisms are compatible with Theileria species, based on the tailing or more spindled shapes. Regeneration is evident by the presence of polychromatophils, macrocytes, and basophilic stippled red blood cells (arrowhead). Red blood cells are also acanthocytic (irregularly spiculated cells). and there are also low numbers of echinocytes (regularly spiculated cells). Nucleated red blood cells (nRBC) could indicate concurrent bone marrow injury. Most of the leukocytes are small to intermediate lymphocytes and a left shift was apparent (band neutrophil; BAND). Modified Wright’s stain, 50x objective.

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