Hematology

Pelger-huët anomaly The segmented leukocytes in some dog breeds, notably the Australian Shepherd, but also other breeds including Foxhounds, Samoyeds, Basenjis and mixed breed dogs (Bowles et al 1979, Breitschwerdt et al 1984, Latimer et al 2000, Vale et al 2011), can have a nuclear defect, such that the segmented neutrophils mimic band and more immature […]

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematopoietic neoplasm, consisting of several different sub-types (as many types of hematopoietic cells there are, there are at least that many types of AML and more). These types differ in phenotypic and genetic characteristics (in humans anyway) and biologic behavior, including progression, response to therapy and prognosis (Swerdlow

Production Neutrophils are produced in the bone marrow from the hematopoietic stem cell under the influence of neutrophilopoietic cytokines, such as granulocyte- (G-CSF) and granulocyte-monocyte stimulating factor (GM-CSF). These cytokines are produced by marrow stromal cells, including T lymphocytes (GM-CSF). Neutrophils are produced daily and normally have a circulating lifespan of <24 hours in humans

Production Erythrocytes are produced from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow under the influence of the cytokine, erythropoietin, during steady state erythropoiesis. There is controversy as to the exact origin of the erythropoietin cell in the kidney. However, the main erythropoietin-producing cell in the kidney, particularly under states of hypoxia, is the peritubular interstitial

In this section, we will provide some information on the complex physiology of blood cells, including hematopoiesis. This section is naturally divided up into the different blood leukocytes, with general information provided on the overall process of how these cells are produced, primarily in the adult bone marrow.  Red blood cells: RBC production (and reticulocyte maturation),

Production Platelets are produced in the bone marrow from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Megakaryocytes are distributed throughout the marrow, but are usually found in the vascular niche. Approximately 1 x 1011 platelets are produced per day in humans and it takes about 12 days for megakaryocytes to be produced and mature to form platelets.

The Coombs test that is performed at Cornell University is a direct Coombs test, which is testing for the presence of antibody or complement (C3) on red blood cells (RBCs). It is generally performed as a supportive diagnostic test for immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) and is most commonly performed in dogs, cats and horses.  With this