Tests

This section provides information on the specific tests (how they are performed and how we interpret them) that are on a hemogram. Note that we have not included the estimation of total protein by refractometry or an assessment of plasma color, since this is not provided on all hemograms.

We have also provided the following helpful summaries:

Red blood cell tests

Various tests of red blood cells are performed on a hemogram. These include the following:

Other tests can also be performed on blood collected into EDTA for a hemogram.

  • Coombs test: This test is mostly used as a diagnostic test for immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. We have provided information on this test which is used to detect the presence of immunoglobulins or complement attached on RBCs.

White blood cell tests

The leukogram (or leukon) includes all tests that evaluate WBC, including the following:
  • Assessment of leukocyte numbers: Total WBC count (all cell types), relative (%) and absolute (cells/uL) differential leukocyte count (WBC separated by type).
  • WBC morphologic features: These can give clues as to underlying disease pathogenesis or can identify the cause of the anemia, including parasites.

Platelet tests

Platelet tests include the following:

  • Platelet countsThis can be done via various methods and is part of most routine mammalian hemograms (unless the count is inaccurate).
    • Manual counts: Using a hemocytometer
    • Automated counts by hematologic analyzers, such as the one used by Cornell University.
    • Blood smear estimation:
    • See also tests for platelet number under Hemostasis.
  • Mean platelet volume: This is only obtained by automated hematology analyzers and is provided on most routine mammalian hemograms.
  • Other platelet tests: This includes plateletcrit (like the hematocrit), platelet component (cytoplasmic granularity or complexity), reticulated platelets, and platelet-associated IgG
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